Electrochemistry and Electrochemical cells

 Electrochemistry and Electrochemical cells

(high school/ 12grade)

Definition:

Electrochemistry is a branch of physical chemistry which deals with the study of physical and chemical process which proceed with generation of electrical energy or accomplish by electrical energy.

it is accomplished by converting chemical energy to electrical energy or vice versa.

Electrochemistry is based on thermodynamics.

Applications of Electrochemistry:

Batteries: 

   produces electrical energy by using chemical reactions.

used in toys, flashlights, Electronic Calculators, pacemakers, Tape recorders, and even in the hybrid card.

In electrochemical terms considered an oxidation-reduction process.

digital watches (mercury/silver-oxide battery)

military applications (thermal batteries)

Laboratory:

Electrical measurements help to monitor chemical reactions of all types, even systems tiny in living cells.

Industry:

bleach (sodium hypochlorite) and lye(sodium hydroxide used in the manufacturing of soap).

Corrosion:

In metals, ceramic, and nonmetals corrosion takes place in electrochemistry.

Electrochemical cells:

Definition:

systems based on two metallic electrodes, dipping into the same or different electrolytes in the electrical community.

Functions:

chemical energy to electrical

electrical energy to chemical

Types of Electrochemical Cells:

Electrolytic cells

 energy is consumed to accomplish a chemical change.

Electrolytic Cells:

 Electrolytic cells are used in the production of high-purity lead, copper, zinc, and aluminum

Electrochemical change takes place:

electrolysis of an aqueous solution of HCL into hydrogen and chlorine gas.

Galvanic or voltaic cells :

This electrical energy is accomplished by any physical or chemical process in cells.

the decrease in free energy (provide galvanic force) in the cell is because of a chemical reaction or physical change occurring in the cell.

a- concentration cell: the emf is produced due to the transfer of matter from one part of the cell to another.

b-Chemical or Formation Cells: emf produce due to net chemical reaction occurring within the cell.

Example: daniel cells in which zinc electrode is dipped in the solution which contain Zn+2 ions and Cu electrode immersed in a solution of CU+2 ions.

Questions:

Electrochemistry and its Applications/uses.

Short note on Daniell's cell.

Difference between galvanic or Electrolytic cells with examples.

Electrochemical cells Definition and examples.

Applications of Electrochemical cells.